Bill C-2
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TABLE OF PROVISIONS |
AN ACT RESPECTING THE ELECTION OF MEMBERS TO
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, REPEALING OTHER ACTS
RELATING TO ELECTIONS AND MAKING
CONSEQUENTIAL AMENDMENTS TO OTHER ACTS
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SHORT TITLE |
1. Short title
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INTERPRETATION |
2. Definitions
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PART 1 |
ELECTORAL RIGHTS |
3. Persons qualified as electors
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4. Disentitlement from voting
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5. Prohibition
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6. Persons entitled to vote
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7. Only one vote
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8. Place of ordinary residence
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9. Interpretation of ordinary residence
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10. Members and persons living with members
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11. Part 11
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12. Residence at by-election
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PART 2 |
CHIEF ELECTORAL OFFICER AND STAFF |
Chief Electoral Officer |
13. Appointment of Chief Electoral Officer
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14. Appointment of substitute
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15. Rank, powers and duties
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16. Powers and duties of Chief Electoral Officer
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17. Power to adapt Act
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18. Public education and information programs
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Assistant Chief Electoral Officer and Staff |
19. Staff
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20. Casual and temporary staff
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21. Delegation by Chief Electoral Officer
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PART 3 |
ELECTION OFFICERS |
General |
22. Election officers
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23. Oath
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Returning Officers and Assistant Returning Officers |
24. Appointment of returning officers
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25. List in Canada Gazette
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26. Assistant returning officer
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27. Authorization
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28. Notification if returning officer incapacitated
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29. Duties of returning officer
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30. Additional assistant returning officer
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31. Prohibition - acting in another capacity
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Election Officers Appointed by Returning Officer |
General
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32. Election officers
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Revising Agents
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33. Solicitation of names
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Deputy Returning Officers and Poll Clerks
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34. Deputy returning officers
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35. Poll clerks
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36. Appointment
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37. Refusal to appoint deputy returning officer
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38. Replacement for deputy returning officer
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Registration Officers
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39. Registration offices
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Equality of Votes |
40. List of names to be provided
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New Electoral Districts |
41. Results transposed
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Merger of Registered Parties |
42. Attribution of votes for appointments
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Prohibitions |
43. Prohibitions
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PART 4 |
REGISTER OF ELECTORS |
Maintenance and Communication of Register |
44. Register of Electors
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45. Members and registered parties
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Updating the Register |
46. Sources of information
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47. Duty of returning officer
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48. New electors
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49. Listing requests
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50. Corrections
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51. Verification
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52. Deletion of names
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53. Restrictions
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54. Access to personal information
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Agreements on Giving Information |
55. Provincial bodies
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Prohibitions |
56. Prohibitions
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PART 5 |
CONDUCT OF AN ELECTION |
Writs of Election |
57. Writs of election
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58. Writs forwarded to returning officer
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59. Withdrawal of writ
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60. Returning officer to open and maintain an office
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61. Appointment of staff
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Notice of Election by Returning Officer |
62. Notice of election
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Return by Acclamation |
63. Return by acclamation
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Holding of an Election |
64. Holding of election
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PART 6 |
CANDIDATES |
Qualifications |
65. Ineligible candidates
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Nomination of Candidates |
66. Manner of nomination
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67. Witness files nomination paper
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68. Party may endorse only one candidate per district
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69. Closing day for nominations
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70. Hours of attendance
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71. Notice to candidate of confirmation or refusal
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72. Deposit to Receiver General
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73. Electronic filing
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74. Withdrawal of candidate
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75. Minor corrections
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76. Votes for persons not properly nominated to be void
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77. Postponement of closing day for nominations on death of
candidate
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78. Postponement of election
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79. Ballots void
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Rights of Candidates |
80. Leave of absence
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81. Right of candidate to enter building
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Obligations of Candidates |
82. Definition of candidate
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83. Appointment of official agent
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84. Official agent - ineligible persons
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85. Auditor - eligibility
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86. Consent
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87. Death, incapacity, resignation or revocation
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88. Only one official agent and auditor
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Prohibition |
89. Ineligible candidate
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90. Prohibition - official agents
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91. Publishing false statements to affect election results
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92. False statement of withdrawal of candidate
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PART 7 |
REVISION OF LISTS OF ELECTORS |
Preliminary Lists of Electors |
93. Sending of information
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94. Distribution of lists
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Notice of Confirmation of Registration |
95. Notice to electors
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Revision Process |
96. Revision of preliminary lists of electors
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97. Election officers who are designated to receive applications
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98. Rental of offices
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99. Revision - purpose
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100. Revising agents to act jointly
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101. Relevant elector information
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102. Notice of confirmation of registration
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Objection Procedure |
103. Objection by elector
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104. Examination by returning officer
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Revised Lists of Electors and Official Lists of Electors |
105. Revised list of electors
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106. Official list of electors
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107. Form of lists
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Merger of Polling Divisions |
108. Merger of polling divisions
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Final Lists of Electors |
109. Final list of electors
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Use of Lists of Electors |
110. Registered parties
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Prohibitions |
111. Prohibitions in relation to lists of electors
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PART 8 |
PREPARATION FOR THE VOTE |
List of Deputy Returning Officers |
112. List of deputies to candidates
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Election Materials |
113. Delivery to returning officers
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114. Ballot boxes
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115. Ballot paper
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116. Ballot printed in Form 3
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117. Information on the ballot
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118. Property of Her Majesty
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Supply of Election Materials to Deputy Returning Officer |
119. Materials to be supplied to deputy returning officers
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Polling Stations and Central Polling Places |
120. Establishment of polling stations
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121. Level access
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122. Polling station in adjacent polling division
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123. Central polling place
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124. Appointments at central polling place
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125. Mobile polling station
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Prohibitions |
126. Prohibitions re ballots, etc.
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PART 9 |
VOTING |
Voting Opportunities |
127. Manner of voting
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Polling Day |
Hours
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128. Hours of voting
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129. Daylight-saving time
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130. When polls lie in two time zones
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131. By-elections
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Time to Employees for Voting
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132. Consecutive hours for voting
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133. No penalty for absence from work to vote
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134. Prohibition
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Proceedings at the Poll
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135. Who may be present at polling station
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136. Presence of representatives
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137. Candidate may act as representative
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138. Initialling ballots
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139. Counting of ballots before opening of poll
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140. Examining and sealing ballot box
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Admitting Voters
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141. Calling electors
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142. Electors not to be impeded
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143. Elector to declare name, etc.
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144. Proof of identity and residence
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145. Refusal of elector
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146. Name and address corresponding closely to another
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147. Elector in whose name another has voted
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148. Name inadvertently crossed off list
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149. Elector not allowed to vote
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Voting Procedure
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150. Delivery of ballot to elector
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151. Manner of voting
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152. Spoiled ballot
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153. No delay in voting
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Special Voting Procedures
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154. Assistance by deputy returning officer
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155. Assistance by friend or relative
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156. Use of interpreter
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157. Elector who is confined to bed
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Transfer Certificates
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158. Transfer certificate for candidate
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159. Transfer certificate for elector with a disability
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160. Signing, numbering and recording transfer certificate
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Polling Day Registration
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161. Registration in person
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Duties of Poll Clerk
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162. Duties of poll clerk
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Secrecy
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163. Secret vote
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164. Secrecy during and after poll
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Prohibitions |
165. Prohibition - use of loudspeakers on polling day
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166. Prohibition - emblems, etc., in polling station
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167. Prohibitions re ballots, etc.
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PART 10 |
ADVANCE POLLING |
Establishment of Advance Polling Stations |
168. Establishment of advance polling districts
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Registration |
169. Registration at advance polling station
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170. List deemed to be modified
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Voting Procedure |
171. Conduct of advance polls
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172. Notice of advance poll
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173. Who may vote at advance polls
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174. Duties of deputy returning officer
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175. Examining and sealing of ballot box
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176. Collecting the record of votes cast at an advance polling
station
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PART 11 |
SPECIAL VOTING RULES |
Interpretation and Application |
177. Definitions
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178. Application
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179. Instructions
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DIVISION 1 |
ADMINISTRATION AND GENERAL PROCEDURES |
180. Establishment of voting territories
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181. Appointment of special voting rules administrator
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182. Duties of special voting rules administrator
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183. Special ballot officers
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184. Appointment of additional special ballot officers
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185. Merger of parties
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186. Form of special ballots
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187. List of candidates
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188. Delivery of list of candidates
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189. Distribution of election materials, etc.
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DIVISION 2 |
CANADIAN FORCES ELECTORS |
Definitions
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190. Definitions
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Voting Entitlement and Electoral Districts
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191. Canadian Forces electors
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192. Voting limited to electoral district of ordinary residence
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193. Voting in actual place of ordinary residence
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Statement of Ordinary Residence
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194. Completion on enrolment, etc.
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195. Completion by reserve member not on active service
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196. Statement to be sent to Chief Electoral Officer
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197. Filing of reservists' statements
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198. Retention of statements
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Coordinating Officer
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199. Designation
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Steps to Prepare for Vote
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200. Duties of Chief Electoral Officer
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201. Duties of Minister of National Defence
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202. Duties of coordinating officer
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203. Duty of liaison officers to communicate with unit
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Duties of Commanding Officers
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204. Notice
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205. Duties of commanding officer
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206. Mobile polling station
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207. Joint polling stations
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208. Notice of polling stations and voting times
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209. Election materials
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Voting
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210. Duties of deputy returning officer
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211. Representative of registered party
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212. Completion of certain documents
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213. Provision of special ballot, etc.
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214. Return of vote - information
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215. Voting by deputy returning officer
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216. Assistance
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217. Hospitalized or convalescing elector
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218. Duty, leave or furlough
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219. End of voting period - delivery of documents
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DIVISION 3 |
ELECTORS TEMPORARILY RESIDENT OUTSIDE CANADA |
220. Definitions
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221. Inclusion in register of electors temporarily resident outside
Canada
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222. Register of electors
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223. Inclusion in register
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224. Prohibition - change of address
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225. Information to be provided
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226. Deletion of names from register
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227. Sending of special ballot and envelopes
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228. Sending of outer envelope
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229. Deadline for return of vote
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230. Responsibilities of elector
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DIVISION 4 |
Electors Residing in Canada
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231. Definition of ``elector''
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232. Conditions for voting by special ballot
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233. Information required for application
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234. Name of elector previously included on list of electors
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235. Vote by special ballot only
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236. Note on the list of electors
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237. Provision of special ballot
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238. Voting by special ballot
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239. Sending to Chief Electoral Officer
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240. Responsibilities of elector
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241. Elector to be given regular ballot
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242. Spoiled ballot
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243. Assistance
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DIVISION 5 |
Incarcerated Electors
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244. Definition of ``elector''
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245. Entitlement to vote
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246. Designation of coordinating officers
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247. Notification of issue of the writs
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248. Liaison officers
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249. Duty of coordinating officer
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250. Notice of entitlement to vote
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251. Application for registration and special ballot
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252. List of incarcerated electors
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253. Appointment of deputy returning officers and poll clerks
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254. Duties of deputy returning officer
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255. Mobile polling stations
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256. Representative of registered party
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257. Declaration of elector
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258. Voting by special ballot
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259. Assistance
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260. Delivery of documents after the vote
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261. Deadline for return of election material
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262. Integration into final list of electors
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DIVISION 6 |
COUNTING OF VOTES AT THE OFFICE OF THE CHIEF ELECTORAL OFFICER |
263. Application
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264. Administration
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265. Directives
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266. Counting of votes
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267. Setting aside of outer envelope
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268. Duties of special ballot officers
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269. Rejection of ballots
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270. Statements of the vote
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271. Chief Electoral Officer to be informed of results of vote
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272. Sending of material to Chief Electoral Officer
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DIVISION 7 |
COUNTING OF VOTES IN THE OFFICE OF THE RETURNING OFFICER |
273. Appointment of deputy returning officer and poll clerk
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274. Candidate present at counting
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275. Ballots to be kept sealed
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276. Verification of envelopes
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277. Setting aside of outer envelope
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278. Counting of outer envelopes
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279. Rejection of ballots
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DIVISION 8 |
Communication of the Results of the Vote
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280. Communication of results
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Division 9
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PROHIBITIONS |
281. Prohibitions - inside or outside Canada
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282. Prohibitions - outside Canada
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PART 12 |
COUNTING VOTES |
Polling Stations |
283. Counting the votes
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284. Rejection of ballots
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285. Ballots not initialled by deputy returning officer
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286. Objections to ballots
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287. Statement of the vote
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288. Marked ballots
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Advance Polls |
289. Counting of votes on polling day
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Delivery of Ballot Boxes to Returning Officer |
290. Sending ballot boxes and statement to returning officer
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291. Provision of statements to candidates
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292. Safekeeping of ballot boxes
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PART 13 |
VALIDATION OF RESULTS BY THE RETURNING OFFICER |
293. Validation of results
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294. Witnesses at validation
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295. Opening ballot box in certain cases
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296. Loss or destruction of ballot boxes
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297. Certificate of votes cast
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298. Ballot boxes
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PART 14 |
JUDICIAL RECOUNT |
Interpretation |
299. Definition of ``judge''
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Recount Procedure |
300. Request by returning officer for recount
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301. Application for recount
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302. More than one application
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303. Right of candidate to attend
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304. Recount procedure
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305. Proceedings to be continuous
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306. Security of documents
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307. Judge may terminate recount
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308. Procedure at conclusion of recount
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309. Costs
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310. Application for reimbursement of costs
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Failure of Judge to Conduct Recount |
311. Failure of judge to act
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312. Order of court after hearing
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PART 15 |
RETURN OF THE WRIT |
313. Return of elected candidate
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314. Sending of documents
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315. Duplicate of return to each candidate
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316. Where report made before recount
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317. Procedure on receipt of return by Chief Electoral Officer
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318. Equality of votes
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PART 16 |
COMMUNICATIONS |
Interpretation |
319. Definitions
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Election Advertising |
320. Message must be authorized
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321. Government means of transmission
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322. Election advertising posters
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323. Blackout period
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324. Exceptions
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325. Prohibition - prevention or impairment of transmission
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Election Opinion Surveys |
326. Transmission of election survey results
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327. Broadcast of surveys not based on recognized statistical
methods
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328. Prohibition - re-transmission of election survey results
during blackout period
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Premature Transmission |
329. Prohibition - premature transmission of results
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Broadcasting outside Canada |
330. Prohibition - use of broadcasting station outside Canada
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Non-interference by Foreigners |
331. Prohibition - inducements by non-residents
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Political Broadcasts |
332. Appointment of Broadcasting Arbitrator
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333. Convening of representatives
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334. Vacancy during election period
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335. Broadcasting time to be provided to registered parties
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336. Request for meeting
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337. No allocation
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338. Factors in allocation
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339. New parties entitled to broadcasting time
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340. Reallocation in case of suspension
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341. Reallocation in case of merger
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342. Broadcasters to be notified
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343. Annual review
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344. Definitions
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345. Free broadcasting time
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346. Broadcasting Arbitrator to issue guidelines
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347. C.R.T.C. to provide guidelines to Broadcasting Arbitrator
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348. Prohibition relating to rates charged
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PART 17 |
THIRD PARTY ELECTION ADVERTISING |
349. Definitions
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350. Spending limit
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351. No combination to exceed limit
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352. Advertising must name third party
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353. Registration requirement for third parties
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354. Appointment of financial agent
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355. Requirement to appoint auditor
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356. Registry of third parties
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357. Authorization by financial agent for expenses, etc.
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358. Prohibition - use of foreign contributions
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359. Election advertising report
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360. Auditor's report
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361. Corrections to election expenses report
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362. Publication
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PART 18 |
FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION |
General Provisions |
363. Definition of ``electoral district association''
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364. Annual fiscal period
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365. Deeming
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DIVISION 1 |
REGISTRATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES |
Application for Registration
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366. Application for registration
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367. Withdrawal of application
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368. Eligibility for registration
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369. Notification of eligibility
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370. Registration
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371. Report on agents of eligible parties
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372. Statement of assets and liabilities
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373. Adjustment of fiscal period for newly registered party
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374. Registry of parties
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Registered Agents and Auditors
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375. Registered agents
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376. Agents - eligible corporations
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377. Auditor - eligibility
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378. Consent
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379. Death, incapacity, resignation or revocation
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380. Only one chief agent and auditor
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381. Prohibition - agents
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Change of Information in Registry of Parties
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382. Changes in registered information
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383. Confirmation of information at general election
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384. Confirmation of registration yearly
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Suspension and Deregistration of Registered Parties
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385. Suspension - less than 50 candidates
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386. Suspension - failure to provide documents
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387. Suspension - failure to file return and auditor's report
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388. Suspension - voluntary deregistration
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389. Procedure for non-voluntary deregistration
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390. Notice of suspension
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391. Status of suspended party
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392. Fiscal period and returns
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393. Audited statement of value of assets
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394. Application by suspended party
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395. Annual fiscal period
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396. Statements of expenses, auditor's reports and declaration
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397. Remittance of net balance to Receiver General
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398. Deregistration - suspended party
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399. Remittance of remaining balance or initial surplus
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Merger of Registered Parties
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400. Merger application
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401. Registration for eligible merged parties
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402. Effective date of merger
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403. Returns
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DIVISION 2 |
GENERAL FINANCIAL PROVISIONS |
Contributions
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404. Ineligible contributors
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405. Prohibition - making contributions
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Expenses
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406. Candidate's expenses for electoral campaign
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407. Election expenses
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408. Contributions for ticketed fund-raising functions
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409. Personal expenses of a candidate
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410. Evidence of payment - expense of $50 or more
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411. Petty expenses
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412. Publication of electoral campaign returns and election
expense returns
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413. Delivery to returning officers
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Inflation Adjustment Factor
|
414. Inflation adjustment factor
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DIVISION 3 |
FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION OF REGISTERED PARTIES |
General
|
415. Duty of chief agent
|
416. Prohibition - paying expenses
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Processing of Expense Claims
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417. Three months to send expense claims
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418. Payment within six months
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419. Irregular claims or payments - Chief Electoral Officer
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420. Irregular claims or payments - judge
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421. Proceeding to recover claimed payments
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Maximum Election Expenses
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422. Maximum election expenses
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423. Prohibition - election expenses
|
Financial Reporting
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424. Return on financial transactions
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425. When contributions forwarded to Receiver General
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426. Auditor's report
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427. Prohibition - financial reports
|
Trust Funds
|
428. Trust funds
|
Election Expenses Reporting
|
429. Return on election expenses
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430. Auditor's report on return on election expenses
|
431. Prohibitions - true and complete returns
|
Corrections and Extended Reporting Periods
|
432. Minor corrections - Chief Electoral Officer
|
433. Extension or correction - Chief Electoral Officer
|
434. Extension or correction - judge
|
Reimbursement of Election Expenses
|
435. Certificate
|
DIVISION 4 |
FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION OF CANDIDATES |
Powers, Duties and Functions of Official Agents
|
436. Duty of official agent
|
437. Bank account
|
438. Prohibition - making contributions
|
Notice of Nomination Meeting
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439. Limits on expenses
|
Election Expenses Limit
|
440. Maximum election expenses allowed
|
441. Base amount of expenses
|
442. Estimated expenses
|
443. Prohibition - expenses more than maximum
|
Recovery of Claims
|
444. Claim for payment
|
445. Payment within four months
|
446. Unenforceable contracts
|
447. Irregular claims or payments - Chief Electoral Officer
|
448. Irregular claims and payments - judge
|
449. Proceedings to recover payment
|
450. Deemed contributions
|
Return on Financing and Expenses in an Electoral Campaign
|
451. Electoral campaign return of candidate
|
452. When contributions forwarded to Receiver General
|
453. Auditor's report on return on election expenses
|
454. Extended period for candidates outside Canada
|
455. Updating financial reporting documents
|
456. Statement of personal expenses
|
Corrections and Extended Reporting Periods
|
457. Minor corrections - Chief Electoral Officer
|
458. Extension or correction - Chief Electoral Officer
|
459. Extension or correction - judge
|
460. Refusal or failure of official agent
|
461. Recourse of candidate for fault of official agent
|
462. Destruction of documents - judge
|
463. Prohibition - false, misleading or incomplete returns
|
Reimbursement of Election Expenses and Personal Expenses
|
464. Reimbursement - first instalment
|
465. Reimbursement - final instalment
|
466. Confirmation of compliance - candidates ineligible for
reimbursement
|
467. Reimbursement of auditor's fees
|
468. Return of deposit
|
469. Death of candidate
|
470. Withdrawal of writ
|
Surplus of Electoral Funds
|
471. Surplus of electoral funds
|
472. Notice of assessment and estimate of surplus electoral funds
|
473. Period for disposal of surplus electoral funds
|
474. Notice of disposal of surplus
|
475. Requisition for repayment
|
476. Prohibition - transfer of contributions
|
Supply and Use of Forms
|
477. Prescribed forms - Income Tax Act
|
478. Provision of forms to candidates
|
PART 19 |
ENFORCEMENT |
Peace and Good Order at Elections |
479. Duty to maintain order
|
Offences |
General Provisions
|
480. Obstruction, etc., of electoral process
|
481. Offering bribe
|
482. Intimidation, etc.
|
Offences under Part 1 (Electoral Rights)
|
483. Offences requiring intent - dual procedure
|
Offences under Part 3 (Election Officers)
|
484. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 4 (Register of Electors)
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485. Offences requiring intent - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 6 (Candidates)
|
486. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 7 (Revision of List of Electors)
|
487. Offences requiring intent - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 8 (Preparation for the Vote)
|
488. Offences requiring intent - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 9 (Voting)
|
489. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 10 (Advance Polling)
|
490. Offences requiring intent - dual procedure
|
Offences under Part 11 (Special Voting Rules)
|
491. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 12 (Counting Votes)
|
492. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offence under Part 13 (Validation of Results by the Returning
Officer)
|
493. Offences requiring intent - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 15 (Return of the Writ)
|
494. Offences requiring intent - dual procedure
|
Offences under Part 16 (Communications)
|
495. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 17 (Third Party Election Advertising)
|
496. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offences under Part 18 (Finance)
|
497. Strict liability offences - summary conviction
|
Offences under this Part (Enforcement)
|
498. Offence requiring intent - dual procedure
|
Offences under Part 21 (General)
|
499. Strict liability offence - summary conviction
|
Punishment |
500. Punishment - strict liability offences
|
501. Additional penalties
|
Illegal Practices and Corrupt Practices |
502. Illegal practice
|
Miscellaneous Provisions |
503. Suspended parties
|
504. Judicial proceedings involving registered or suspended
parties
|
505. Prosecution of third parties - groups
|
506. Suspended party
|
507. Registered party
|
508. Evidence
|
Commissioner of Canada Elections |
509. Commissioner of Canada Elections
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510. Chief Electoral Officer to direct inquiry
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511. Commissioner may prosecute
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512. Commissioner's consent required
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513. Commissioner may intervene
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514. Limitation period
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515. Allowance of costs
|
Injunctions |
516. Application for injunction
|
Compliance Agreements |
517. Compliance agreements
|
518. If agreement complied with
|
519. If agreement not complied with
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520. Dismissal of proceedings
|
521. Publication
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PART 20 |
CONTESTED ELECTIONS |
522. Means of contestation
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523. Nul and void election
|
524. Contestation of election
|
525. Competent courts
|
526. Security, service of application
|
527. Time limit
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528. Withdrawal of application
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529. Notice of appearance
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530. Evidence
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531. Dismissal of application
|
532. Appeal
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PART 21 |
GENERAL |
Reports of Chief Electoral Officer |
533. Polling division reports
|
534. Report to Speaker on general election
|
535. Report on proposed legislative amendments
|
536. Submission of report to House of Commons
|
537. Complaints
|
Polling Divisions |
538. Minimum of 250 electors
|
Amendments to Schedule 3 |
539. Amendments to list of electoral districts
|
Custody of Election Documents and Documents Relating to the Register of Electors |
540. Chief Electoral Officer to retain election documents
|
541. Inspection of instructions, correspondence and other reports
|
Fees and Expenses of Election Officers |
542. Tariff
|
543. Payment of claims
|
544. Accountable advance
|
545. Increase of fees and allowances
|
546. Taxation of accounts
|
Notice |
547. Giving of notices
|
548. Prohibition - removal of notices
|
Oaths and Affidavits |
549. Administration of oaths, etc.
|
Signed Pledges by Candidates Prohibited |
550. Signed pledges by candidates prohibited
|
By-Elections |
551. Notice of withdrawal of writ
|
Forms |
552. Tabling of forms
|
Payments out of Consolidated Revenue Fund |
553. Amounts to be paid out of C.R.F.
|
Amendments |
554. Application of amendments to subsequent election
|
PART 22 |
TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS, CONSEQUENTIAL AMENDMENTS, REPEALS AND COMING INTO FORCE |
Transitional Provisions |
555. Statement of assets and liabilities - coming into force before July 1
|
556. Financial reporting - registered parties
|
557. Financial reporting - merging parties
|
558. Electoral campaign return of candidate
|
Consequential Amendments |
559. Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act
|
560. Income Tax Act
|
561-565. Parliament of Canada Act
|
566-571. Referendum Act
|
572. Supreme Court Act
|
Repeals |
573. Dominion Controverted Elections Act
|
574. Corrupt Practices Inquiries Act
|
575. Disfranchising Act
|
576. Canada Elections Act
|
Coming into Force |
577. Coming into force
|
SCHEDULES 1 TO 3
|