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Bill C-32

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	Agreements Respecting Equivalent Provisions
Non- application of regulations	10. (1) Except with respect to Her Majesty in right of Canada, the provisions of a regulation made under subsection 93(1), 200(1) or 209(1) or (2) do not apply within the jurisdiction of a government for which there is in force an order, made under subsection (3), declaring that the provisions do not apply within that jurisdiction.
Non- application of regulations	(2) Except with respect to a federal source, the provisions of a regulation made under section 167 or 177 do not apply within the jurisdiction of a government for which there is in force an order, made under subsection (3), declaring that the provisions do not apply within that jurisdiction.
Declaration of equivalent provisions	(3) Subject to subsections (4), (5) and (6), where the Minister and a government agree in writing that there are in force by or under the laws applicable to the jurisdiction of the government
	(a) provisions that are equivalent to a regulation made under a provision referred to in subsection (1) or (2), and
	(b) provisions that are similar to sections 17 to 20 for the investigation of alleged offences under environmental legislation of that jurisdiction,
	the Governor in Council may, on the recommendation of the Minister, make an order declaring that the provisions of the regulation do not apply in an area under the jurisdiction of the government.
Publication of agreements	(4) The Minister shall publish any agreement referred to in subsection (3) before it is entered into, or give notice of its availability, in the Canada Gazette and in any other manner that the Minister considers appropriate.
Comments or objections	(5) Within 60 days after the publication of an agreement or notice of its availability under subsection (4), any person may file with the Minister comments or a notice of objection.
Publication by Minister of results	(6) After the end of the period of 60 days referred to in subsection (5), the Minister shall publish in the Canada Gazette and in any other manner that the Minister considers appropriate a report or a notice of the availability of a report that summarizes how any comments or notices of objection were dealt with.
Publication of final agreements	(7) The Minister shall publish any agreement referred to in subsection (3) after it is entered into, or give notice of its availability, in the Canada Gazette and in any other manner that the Minister considers appropriate.
Termination	(8) An agreement made under subsection (3) terminates five years after the date on which it comes into force or may be terminated earlier by either party giving the other at least three months notice.
Revocation of order	(9) The Governor in Council may, on the recommendation of the Minister, revoke an order made under subsection (3) if the agreement referred to in that subsection terminates or is terminated.
Report to Parliament	(10) The Minister shall include in the annual report required by section 342 a report on the administration of this section.
	PART 2
	PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
	Interpretation
Definition of ``environ- mental protection action''	11. In this Part, ``environmental protection action'' means an action under section 22.
	Environmental Registry
Establish- ment of Environ- mental Registry	12. The Minister shall establish a registry, to be called the Environmental Registry, for the purpose of facilitating access to documents relating to matters under this Act.
Contents of Environ- mental Registry	13. (1) The Environmental Registry shall contain notices and other documents published or made publicly available by the Minister, and shall also include, subject to the Access to Information Act and the Privacy Act,
	(a) notices of objection and of any approval granted under this Act;
	(b) a copy of every policy and of every proposed regulation or order made under this Act; and
	(c) copies of documents submitted to a court by the Minister relating to any environmental protection action.
Form and manner of Environ- mental Registry	(2) The Minister may determine the form of the Environmental Registry, how it is to be kept and how access to it is to be provided.
Protection from civil proceeding or prosecution	14. (1) Despite any other Act of Parliament, no civil or criminal proceedings may be brought against any person mentioned in subsection (2) for the full or partial disclosure in good faith of any notice or other document through the Environmental Registry or any consequences of its disclosure.
Persons protected	(2) The persons against whom the proceedings may not be brought are Her Majesty in right of Canada, the Minister and any person acting on behalf of or under the direction of the Minister.
	Rights under Other Parts
Additional rights	15. The rights conferred by this Part are in addition to the right to request the addition of a substance to the Priority Substance List, the right to file a notice of objection under Parts 1, 5, 7 and 11 and the right to request under Parts 5, 7 and 11 that a board of review be established under section 333.
	Voluntary Reports
Voluntary reports	16. (1) Where a person has knowledge of the commission or reasonable likelihood of the commission of an offence under this Act, but is not required to report the matter under this Act, the person may report any information relating to the offence or likely offence to an enforcement officer or any person to whom a report may be made under this Act.
Request for confidenti- ality	(2) The person making the report may request that their identity, and any information that could reasonably be expected to reveal their identity, not be disclosed.
Requirement for confidenti- ality	(3) No person shall disclose or cause to be disclosed the identity of a person who makes a request under subsection (2) or any information that could reasonably be expected to reveal their identity unless the person authorizes the disclosure in writing.
Employee protection	(4) Despite any other Act of Parliament, no employer shall dismiss, suspend, demote, discipline, harass or otherwise disadvantage an employee, or deny an employee a benefit of employment, by reason that
	(a) the employee has made a report under subsection (1);
	(b) the employee, acting in good faith and on the basis of reasonable belief, has refused or stated an intention of refusing to do anything that is an offence under this Act; or
	(c) the employee, acting in good faith and on the basis of reasonable belief, has done or stated an intention of doing anything that is required to be done by or under this Act.
	Investigation of Offences
Application for investigation by Minister	17. (1) An individual who is resident in Canada and at least 18 years of age may apply to the Minister for an investigation of any offence under this Act that the individual alleges has occurred.
Statement to accompany application	(2) The application shall include a solemn affirmation or declaration
	(a) stating the name and address of the applicant;
	(b) stating that the applicant is at least 18 years old and a resident of Canada;
	(c) stating the nature of the alleged offence and the name of each person alleged to have contravened, or to have done something in contravention of, this Act or the regulations; and
	(d) containing a concise statement of the evidence supporting the allegations of the applicant.
Form	(3) The Minister may prescribe the form in which an application under this section is required to be made.
Investigation by Minister	18. The Minister shall acknowledge receipt of the application within 20 days of the receipt and shall investigate all matters that the Minister considers necessary to determine the facts relating to the alleged offence.
Progress reports	19. After acknowledging receipt of the application, the Minister shall report to the applicant every 90 days on the progress of the investigation and the action, if any, that the Minister has taken or proposes to take, and the Minister shall include in the report an estimate of the time required to complete the investigation or to implement the action, but a report is not required if the investigation is discontinued before the end of the 90 days.
Minister may send evidence to Attorney General of Canada	20. At any stage of an investigation, the Minister may send any documents or other evidence to the Attorney General of Canada for consideration of whether an offence has been or is about to be committed under this Act and for any action that the Attorney General may wish to take.
Disconti- nuation of investigation	21. (1) The Minister may discontinue the investigation if the Minister is of the opinion that
	(a) the alleged offence does not require further investigation; or
	(b) the investigation does not substantiate the alleged offence.
Report	(2) If the investigation is discontinued, the Minister shall
	(a) prepare a report in writing describing the information obtained during the investigation and stating the reasons for its discontinuation; and
	(b) send a copy of the report to the applicant and to any person whose conduct was investigated.
	A copy of the report sent to a person whose conduct was investigated must not disclose the name or address of the applicant or any other personal information about them.
	Environmental Protection Action
Circumstan- ces when an individual may bring an action	22. (1) An individual who has applied for an investigation may bring an environmental protection action if
	(a) the Minister failed to conduct an investigation and report within a reasonable time; or
	(b) the Minister's response to the investigation was unreasonable.
Nature of the action	(2) The action may be brought in any court of competent jurisdiction against a person who committed an offence under this Act that
	(a) was alleged in the application for the investigation; and
	(b) caused significant harm to the environment.
Relief that may be claimed	(3) In the action, the individual may claim any or all of the following:
	(a) a declaratory order;
	(b) an order, including an interlocutory order, requiring the defendant to refrain from doing anything that, in the opinion of the court, may constitute an offence under this Act;
	(c) an order, including an interlocutory order, requiring the defendant to do anything that, in the opinion of the court, may prevent the continuation of an offence under this Act;
	(d) an order to the parties to negotiate a plan to correct or mitigate the harm to the environment or to human, animal or plant life or health, and to report to the court on the negotiations within a time set by the court; and
	(e) any other appropriate relief, including the costs of the action, but not including damages.
Limitation period of two years	23. (1) An environmental protection action may be brought only within a limitation period of two years beginning when the plaintiff becomes aware of the conduct on which the action is based, or should have become aware of it.
Time during investigation not included	(2) The limitation period does not include any time following the plaintiff's application for an investigation, but before the plaintiff receives a report under subsection 21(2).
No action for remedial conduct	24. An environmental protection action may not be brought if the alleged conduct
	(a) was taken
	(i) to correct or mitigate harm or the risk of harm to the environment or to human, animal or plant life or health, or
	(ii) to protect national security, support humanitarian relief efforts, participate in multilateral military or peace-keeping activities under the auspices of international organizations or defend a member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization; and
	(b) was reasonable and consistent with public safety.
Exception	25. An environmental protection action may not be brought against a person if the person was convicted of an offence under this Act, or environmental protection alternative measures within the meaning of Part 10 were used to deal with the person, in respect of the alleged conduct on which the action is based.
Notice of the action	26. (1) The plaintiff in an environmental protection action shall give notice of the action to the Minister no later than 10 days after the document originating the action is first served on a defendant, and the Minister shall give notice of the action in the Environmental Registry as soon as possible after receipt of the plaintiff's notice.
Notice of other matters	(2) In an environmental protection action,
	(a) the court may order any party to the action to give notice to the Minister of any matter relating to the action, within the time specified by the court; and
	(b) the Minister shall give notice of that matter in the Environmental Registry as soon as possible after receipt of the party's notice.
Attorney General to be served	27. (1) A plaintiff shall serve the Attorney General of Canada with a copy of the document originating an environmental protection action within 20 days after first serving the document on a defendant.
Attorney General may participate	(2) The Attorney General of Canada is entitled to participate in the action, either as a party or otherwise. Notice of his or her decision to participate shall be given to the plaintiff and be included in the Environmental Registry within 45 days after the copy of the originating document is served on the Attorney General.
Right of appeal	(3) The Attorney General of Canada is entitled to appeal from a judgment in the action and to make submissions and present evidence in an appeal.
Other participants	28. (1) A court may allow any person to participate in an environmental protection action in order to provide fair and adequate representation of the private and public interests involved.
Manner and terms of participation	(2) The court may determine the manner and terms of the person's participation, including the payment of costs.
Burden of proof	29. The offence alleged in an environmental protection action and the resulting significant harm are to be proved on a balance of probabilities.
Defences	30. (1) The following defences are available in an environmental protection action:
	(a) the defence of due diligence in complying with this Act and the regulations;