(b) entry to that place is necessary for any purpose relating to the administration of this Act,

    (c) entry to that place has been refused, the inspector was not able to enter without the use of force or the place was abandoned, and

    (d) subject to subsection (5), all reasonable attempts were made to notify the owner, operator or person in charge of the place,

the justice may issue a warrant authorizing the inspector named in it to conduct an inspection of the place, subject to any conditions that may be specified in the warrant, and authorizing any other person named therein to accompany the inspector and exercise any power specified in the warrant.

Waiving notice

(5) The justice may waive the requirement to give notice referred to in subsection (4) where the justice is satisfied that attempts to give the notice would be unsuccessful because the owner, operator or person in charge is absent from the jurisdiction of the justice or that it is not in the public interest to give the notice.

Use of force

(6) In executing a warrant issued under subsection (3) or (4), the inspector named in the warrant shall not use force unless the inspector is accompanied by a peace officer and the use of force has been specifically authorized in the warrant.

Stopping and detaining conveyances

(7) For the purposes of this Act and the regulations, an inspector may, at any reasonable time, stop any conveyance and direct that it be moved and, for a reasonable time, detain any conveyance, platform or other structure.

Powers in relation to ships, etc.

(8) Subject to subsection (2), for the purposes of this Act and the regulations, an inspector may, at any reasonable time,

    (a) board any ship, platform or other structure anywhere in Canada or within Canadian waters or any aircraft if the inspector believes on reasonable grounds that the ship, platform or other structure or aircraft has on board a substance to be disposed of at sea; and

    (b) travel on any ship, aircraft, platform or other structure that is loaded with a substance to be disposed of at sea.

Inspector to receive accommo-
dation

(9) An inspector who travels on a ship, aircraft, platform or other structure under paragraph (8)(b) shall be carried free of charge to and from the disposal site and the person in command of the ship or aircraft or in charge of the platform or structure shall provide the inspector with suitable accommodation and food.

Powers of inspector

(10) In carrying out an inspection of a place under this section, an inspector may, for the purposes of this Act,

    (a) examine any substance, product, fuel, cleaning product or water conditioner referred to in subsection (1) or any other thing relevant to the administration of this Act that is found in the place;

    (b) open and examine any receptacle or package found that the inspector believes on reasonable grounds contains any substance, product, air contaminant, fuel, cleaning product or water conditioner, engine, equipment or component;

    (c) examine any books, records, electronic data or other documents that the inspector believes on reasonable grounds contain any information relevant to the administration of this Act and make copies of them or take extracts from them;

    (d) take samples of anything relevant to the administration of this Act; and

    (e) conduct any tests or take any measurements.

Disposition of samples

(11) An inspector who takes a sample under paragraph (10)(d) may dispose of it in any manner that the inspector considers appropriate.

Analysts

(12) An analyst may, for the purposes of this Act, accompany an inspector who is carrying out an inspection of a place under this section and the analyst may, when so accompanying an inspector, enter the place and exercise any of the powers described in subsections (8) and (10).

Operation of computer system and copying equipment

(13) In carrying out an inspection of a place under this section, an inspector may

    (a) use or cause to be used any computer system at the place to examine any data contained in or available to the computer system;

    (b) reproduce any record or cause it to be reproduced from the data in the form of a printout or other intelligible output;

    (c) take a printout or other output for examination or copying; and

    (d) use or cause to be used any copying equipment at the place to make copies of the record.

Duty of person in possession or control

(14) Every person who is in possession or control of a place being inspected under this section shall permit the inspector to do anything referred to in subsection (13).

Production of documents and samples

219. (1) The Minister may, for the purposes of this Act and the regulations, by registered letter or by a demand served personally, require any person to produce at a place specified by the Minister anything referred to in paragraph 218(10)(c) or any samples referred to in paragraph 218(10)(d) within any reasonable time and in any reasonable manner that may be stipulated therein.

Compliance

(2) Any person who is required to produce anything under subsection (1) shall, despite any other law to the contrary, do so as required.

Search

Authority to issue warrant for search and seizure

220. (1) Where on ex parte application a justice is satisfied by information on oath that there are reasonable grounds to believe that there is in any place

    (a) anything by means of or in relation to which any provision of this Act or the regulations has been contravened, or

    (b) anything that there are reasonable grounds to believe will afford evidence with respect to the commission of an offence under this Act,

the justice may issue a warrant authorizing an inspector or investigator or authorizing any other person named in the warrant, to enter and search the place and to seize anything referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) subject to any conditions that may be specified in the warrant.

Warrant for seizure of ships, etc.

(2) Where on ex parte application a justice is satisfied by information on oath that there are reasonable grounds to believe that an offence has been committed under section 272 by an owner of any ship, aircraft, platform or other structure, the justice may issue a warrant authorizing an inspector or investigator, or authorizing any other person named in the warrant, to seize the ship, aircraft, platform or structure anywhere in Canada and, in the case of a ship, platform or structure, within Canadian waters.

Search and seizure

(3) A person authorized by a warrant issued under subsection (1) or (2) may

    (a) at any reasonable time enter and search a place referred to in the warrant;

    (b) seize and detain anything referred to in the warrant; and

    (c) exercise the powers described in subsection 218(10) or (13).

Where warrant not necessary

(4) An inspector or investigator may exercise the powers described in subsection (3) without a warrant if the conditions for obtaining the warrant exist but by reason of exigent circumstances it would not be practical to obtain the warrant.

Exigent circumstances

(5) For greater certainty, exigent circumstances include circumstances in which the delay necessary to obtain a warrant under subsection (1) or (2) would result in danger to human life or the environment or the loss or destruction of evidence.

Operation of computer system and copying equipment

(6) A person authorized under this section to search a place may

    (a) use or cause to be used any computer system at the place to search any data contained in or available to the computer system;

    (b) reproduce any record or cause it to be reproduced from the data in the form of a printout or other intelligible output;

    (c) seize the printout or other output for examination or copying; and

    (d) use or cause to be used any copying equipment at the place to make copies of the record.

Duty of person in possession or control

(7) Every person who is in possession or control of a place in respect of which a search is carried out under this section shall permit the person carrying out the search to do anything referred to in subsection (6).

Custody

221. (1) Any ship, aircraft, platform or other structure seized under section 220 shall be delivered into the custody of any person that the Minister directs.

Discharge of cargo

(2) Where a thing seized under section 220 has cargo on board, the cargo may be discharged, under the supervision of the person into whose custody the thing was delivered, at the port or place in Canada capable of receiving the cargo that is nearest to the place of seizure or at any other port or place that is satisfactory to that person.

Sale of perishable cargo

(3) Where a thing seized under section 220 has cargo on board that is perishable, the inspector by whom the thing was seized or, if the thing has been delivered into the custody of a person in accordance with subsection (1), that person may sell the cargo or the portion of it that is perishable, as the case may be, and the proceeds of the sale shall be paid to the Receiver General or shall be deposited in a bank to the credit of the Receiver General.

Order for delivery of cargo

(4) The owner of any cargo of anything seized under section 220 may apply to the Federal Court for an order requiring any person who has custody of the cargo or the proceeds of any sale thereof to deliver the cargo or the proceeds of sale to the owner, and the Court may make such an order where it is satisfied that the applicant is the owner of the cargo to which the application relates.

Redelivery on deposit of security

222. (1) Where a ship, aircraft, platform or other structure has been seized under section 220, the Federal Court may, with the consent of the Minister, order redelivery of the thing or delivery of the proceeds realized from a sale of any perishable cargo under subsection 221(3) to the person from whom the thing was seized if security in the form of a bond in an amount and form satisfactory to the Minister is given to the Minister.

Seized ship, etc., to be returned unless proceedings instituted

(2) Anything referred to in subsection (1) that has been seized under section 220, or any security given to the Minister under subsection (1), shall be returned or paid to the person from whom the thing was seized within 30 days after the seizure unless, before the expiry of those 30 days, proceedings are instituted in respect of an offence under section 272 alleged to have been committed by the owner of the thing.

Detention

Seizure

223. (1) Whenever during the course of an inspection or a search an inspector has reasonable grounds to believe that a provision of this Act or the regulations has been contravened, the inspector may seize and detain anything

    (a) by means of or in relation to which the inspector reasonably believes the contravention occurred; or

    (b) that the inspector reasonably believes will afford evidence of the contravention.

Limitation

(2) An inspector shall not seize anything under subsection (1) unless the thing is required as evidence or for purposes of analysis or the inspector is of the opinion that the seizure is necessary in the public interest.

Notice of contravention

(3) An inspector who has seized and detained a thing under subsection (1) shall, as soon as is practicable, advise the person in whose possession it was at the time of the seizure of the provision of this Act or the regulations that the inspector believes has been contravened.

Detention and release

(4) Anything seized under subsection (1) or section 220, other than a ship, aircraft, platform or other structure, shall not be detained

    (a) after the owner of the thing or the person in whose possession it was at the time of the seizure applies to the inspector or to the Minister for its release and the inspector or the Minister is satisfied that it is not necessary in the public interest to continue to detain the thing or that it is not required as evidence or for purposes of analysis; or

    (b) after the expiry of 90 days after the day of seizure, unless before that time

      (i) the thing has been forfeited under section 229,

      (ii) proceedings have been instituted in respect of the contravention in relation to which the thing was seized, in which case it may be detained until the proceedings are finally concluded, or

      (iii) the Minister has served or made reasonable efforts to serve notice of an application for an order extending the time during which the thing may be detained in accordance with section 224.

Storage of seized thing

(5) A thing seized by an inspector under subsection (1) or section 220, other than a ship, aircraft, platform or other structure, shall be kept or stored in the place where it was seized except if

    (a) in the opinion of the inspector,

      (i) it is not in the public interest to do so, or

      (ii) the thing seized, or a sample of it, is required as evidence and removal and storage of the thing seized is necessary to ensure that the thing or sample will be available as evidence in any related proceedings, or

    (b) the person in whose possession it was at the time of the seizure or the person entitled to possession of the place requests the inspector to have it removed to some other place,

in which case it may be removed to and stored in any other place at the direction of or with the concurrence of an inspector and at the expense of the person who requested that it be so removed.

Interference with seized thing

(6) Unless authorized by an inspector, no person shall remove, alter or interfere in any way with anything seized and detained by an inspector under subsection (1) or section 220, but an inspector shall, at the request of the person from whom it was seized, allow that person or any person authorized by that person to examine it and, where practicable, furnish a sample or copy of it to that person.

Application to extend period of detention

224. (1) Where proceedings have not been instituted in respect of the contravention in relation to which a thing was seized under section 220 or subsection 223(1), the Minister may, before the expiry of 90 days after the day of the seizure and on serving prior notice in accordance with subsection (2) on the owner of the thing or on the person who at the time of the seizure was in possession of it, apply to a provincial court judge, as defined in section 2 of the Criminal Code, within whose territorial jurisdiction the seizure was made for an order extending the time during which it may be detained.

Notice

(2) A notice shall be served by personal service at least five clear days before the day on which the application is to be made to the provincial court judge or by registered mail at least seven clear days before that day and shall specify

    (a) the provincial court in which the application is to be made;

    (b) the place where and the time when the application is to be heard;

    (c) the thing seized in respect of which the application is to be made; and

    (d) the grounds on which the Minister intends to rely to show why there should be an extension of the time during which the thing seized may be detained.

Order of extension granted

(3) Where, on the hearing of an application made under subsection (1), the judge is satisfied that the thing seized should continue to be detained, the judge shall order

    (a) that the thing be detained for any additional period and on any conditions relating to the detention for that additional period that the judge considers proper; and

    (b) on the expiry of the additional period, that the thing be restored to the person from whom it was seized or to any other person entitled to its possession unless, before the expiry of the additional period, an event referred to in subparagraph 223(4)(b)(i), (ii) or (iii) has occurred.

Order of extension refused

(4) Where, on the hearing of an application made under subsection (1), the judge is not satisfied that the thing seized should continue to be detained, the judge shall order that, on the expiry of 90 days after the day of the seizure, it be restored to the person from whom it was seized or to any other person entitled to its possession unless, before the expiry of the 90 days, an event referred to in subparagraph 223(4)(b)(i) or (ii) has occurred.

Order for restoration

(5) Where, at the time of the hearing of an application made under subsection (1), 90 days have expired after the day of the seizure, the judge shall order the restoration of the thing without delay to the person from whom it was seized or to any other person entitled to its possession.